In addition, the territorial conflict has led to a dangerous militarization of the Atlantic border, particularly in disputed areas. Both sides have established transport infrastructure, airstrips and outposts and have deployed a large number of troops to the border, including a special paramilitary unit deployed by the Indian secret services. This resulted in frequent deadlocks and even occasional skirmishes between Indian and Chinese soldiers. Provoked by border crossings and patrols in disputed areas, such incidents could escalate into a major armed conflict. Earlier this year, China and India signed an agreement to manage tensions by establishing a mechanism for contact between the two sides in the event of border crossings. However, it is not known how productive it will be in the face of the failure of previous attempts to ease tensions. The second reason could be the frequent deadlocks on the LAC since 2013, which result in physical slips, shovels, stone throws, etc., which were getting more and more ugly by the day. They may have decided to assert their debt line, which they had advanced in 1962, and to set the same line as the new LAC and a de facto limit, at least in the western sector. The essence of the Indian response was a turbulent combination of realism and adaptation of Chinese interests. And in the absence of military modernization limited by economic and institutional resources, diplomacy and a softened external balance in trying to take advantage of the superpower`s rivalry, advance India`s diplomatic position and prevent conflict. Until 1962, little effort was devoted to internal compensation. The non-resolution of the border conflict led to the Salino-Indian war in 1962 and there was no definitive agreement between the countries on the exact location of the LAC.

According to Alyssa Ayres, South Asia specialist at the Council on Foreign Relations, “China and India have different views of where they should be, resulting in regular border crossings. Often these tensions do not escalate; A serious border demarcation situation, such as the one we have at the moment, is less common, although it is the fourth since 2013. While Western nations did not view the Chinese approach positive for fear of chinese and competitiveness,[16] Pakistan, which has had turbulent relations with India since the Indian division, improved its relations with China after the war. [87] Prior to the war, Pakistan also shared a controversial border with China and had proposed to India a common defence against “northern” enemies (China), which India refused. [46] China and Pakistan took steps to peacefully negotiate their common borders, beginning on 13 October 1962 and closed in December of that year. [40] Pakistan also expressed concern that the enormous amount of Western military aid sent to India would allow it to threaten Pakistan`s security in future conflicts. Mohammed Ali, Pakistan`s foreign minister, said massive Western aid to India in the Insin-Indian conflict would be seen as a hostile act against Pakistan. As a result, Pakistan has made efforts to improve relations with China. The following year, China and Pakistan peacefully settled disputes at their shared border and negotiated the Sino-Pakistan border treaty in 1963 as well as trade, trade and trade agreements.

[87] On 2 March 1963, Pakistan ceded its northern claim line in Pakistan-controlled Kashmir to China in favour of a more southern border along the karakorum. [40] [85] [87] The border treaty has largely drawn the border along the MacCartney-Macdonald line. [28] India`s military failure against China would encourage Pakistan to launch the second Kashmir War with India.